Wan'an Compass is a traditional Han handicraft in Wan'an Town, Anhui Province. It is widely used in astronomy, geography, military, navigation and divination, as well as important instruments for the selection of homes and tombs. It is the continuation and development of the compass of one of the four great inventions of the ancient Han people. It is developed on the basis of the compass. Traditional practical folk crafts. Wan'an Compass is the only compass in the country that was hand-made by traditional Han techniques. It was named after the birth and production site of Wan'an Old Street in Wan'an Town, Xiuning County, Anhui Province. Wan'an Compass is a traditional instrument of traditional geography. It is a traditional tool that can be used both for navigation and for the divination of urban and rural residential buildings. Including nautical compass, survey compass and sundial. The size of the compass is not equal, there are hundreds of styles, and the precision is high. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it sold at home

English name: Wan’an compass Wan'an Compass was created at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and developed in the Ming Dynasty. Fang Xiushui Luojingdian, which is famous in the national compass industry in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, is a famous store in Wan'an Luopan, followed by famous shops such as Hu Ruyi, Hu Pingzhi and Wu Luheng. Wu Luheng, the founder of Wan'an Wuluheng Luojingdian, is the one that really makes Wan'an Compass popular in the country and famous in the world. Qingzhengzheng (1723—1735), Wu Luheng created Wan’an Shangjie “Wu Luheng Luojingdian”, which is the essence of the compass production in various places such as the Panpan, the characteristics of Yangluopan, the ancient law and the innovation system, making the compass popular in the whole country and making a name for the world. . New products such as Sundial, Yuesui and Compass Disk were developed successively, which became the leader in the domestic compass production industry. Its compass product line is used in domestic and rural areas, and it is well-known at home and abroad. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), "Wu Luheng's 毓" compass and Japanese rules were awarded the second prize of China's products to the Panamanian World Expo. Its "Japanese Rules" "exhibited the gold medal at the World Expo in Panama" ("Xiu Ning County - Handicrafts" P174). This is the historical glory of Wan'an compass to make traditional craftsmanship. The ancient town of Wan'an is one of the four famous towns in ancient Huizhou. It is named after the Wan'an Mountain in the east. Wan'an is located in the lower reaches of Tunxi and Yansi, up to Jixian, Qimen and Wuyuan, and to the land transportation routes of Anqing and Anhui, Hunan and Chongqing, and the upstream of the Qiantang River. The flow can go to the fishing pavilion in Jixian County, and the water goes directly to Hangzhou, Zhejiang. It is an important commercial port and water transport terminal in Xiuning County and even in Huizhou. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wan'an Street was ranked first among the nine markets in Xiuning. The folks have the reputation of “small Xiaoning County, Dawanan Street”. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were still more than 140 shops and workshops in more than 50 industries along the street. The Wan'an Compass has flourished and is also related to the geographical and cultural environment and social needs. The ancient town of Wanan belongs to the hometown of Huizhou merchants in the rich Ming Dynasty in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The economy and culture are very developed. Due to the influence of Cheng and Zhu Lixue, the feng shui activities in this area have not disappeared, forming traditional social customs. The beautiful scenery of Huizhou Mountain provides a good stage for the practice of Feng Shui theory. Let feng shui and compass have a large sales market. And make Wan'an Town gradually become one of the famous compass manufacturing centers in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Compass manufacturing generally has to go through six processes. The first is to select the fine wood with tough texture and fine texture. Then the blank is formed by lathe, then polished with fine sandpaper and wood grass, and the hole with magnetic needle is dug. . The third is the division. According to the different models and disc patterns, the circle is drawn from the same center of the circle with the length of each circle, and then the yin and yang gossip, the heaven and the earth branch are straight. According to the number of factions and the discs of each family, they are portrayed separately. The fourth is to write the disk surface, according to the secret map, use the brush to fly the head, and write the content according to various discs. The fifth is to oil up, to make the compass to be oiled repeatedly, the brightness of the compass is based on this process, the oil is good, the compass is still clear and clear after 100 years. The sixth is to install the magnetic needle, which is operated by the owner himself in the secret room. In the old days, Luojingdian was a familial workshop. In order to ensure its own interests, the secrets of technology were not passed on, even to the family. In the process of making a compass, each type of work and each process must perform its duties and must not be confused. Therefore, in addition to the magnetic needle must be installed by the owner himself, the opening of the compass store generally requires more than 5 masters, and all are employed for life, young to enter the store, old and dead out of the store. The varieties of Wan'an Compass are divided into discs, mainly including "three-in-one", "three-yuan" and "comprehensive". According to the diameter of the compass, there are about 11 specifications, namely 2.8, 3.4, 4.2, 5.2, 6.2, 7.2, 8.2, 8.6, 10, 12, 18.6 inches. The Luopan stores in the history of Wan'an mainly include Fang Xiushui, Wu Luheng, Hu Ruyi, and Hu Pingzhi. Fang Xiushui Luojingdian is a famous store in the early days of Wan'an Luopan. It was well-known in the national compass industry during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Wu Luheng Luo Jingdian was founded in the Qing Dynasty (1723-1735), and is a rising star of Wan'an compass system. The founder Wu Guozhu made the compass, the Japanese pipa, etc., both adhering to the ancient law, but also deliberately innovating, with high quality, high precision, and sold well everywhere. “Wu Luheng” has also become a well-known brand in the Chinese compass industry. In the 4th year of the Republic of China (1915), "Wu Lu Heng Ji" Luopan and Sundial were awarded the second prize of China's selection of products for the Panama International Exposition. Wan'an is the origin of the only hand-made compass in the country. The traditional production process of Wan'an Compass has been inherited for more than 600 years. The process is strictly standardized, and the craftsmanship is exquisite and meticulous. The products such as compass and sundial are all specifications, varieties and precision. They are outstanding representatives and remains specimens of ancient Chinese folk crafts. It is an important part of the intangible heritage of Huizhou culture with unique style. Over the years, Wan'an Wuluheng Hanji Luopandian has also received many sightseeing tours for Chinese and foreign tourists as a traditional cultural tourist spot. Wan'an Compass has also been loved as a tourist souvenir.

Wan'an compass quality technical requirements First, the original accessories requirements 1. Magnetic needle: A pointer that is magnetized by a particular natural vermiculite. 2. 3. Ink: The ink of ink developed by 歙砚. Second, the process of the process of billet → car tray → grid → liquidation → write disk → oil goods → needle. Third, the process points 1. Choosing: According to the diameter and thickness of the compass, the selected blanks are cut, the compass blank is sawed, and the surface of the blank is planed. 2. 3. Partition: According to the compass model and the disc pattern, the circle is drawn from the same center with different radiuses, and then the yin and yang gossip, the Tiangan branch, etc., should be clear and accurate. 4. Winding up: Fill the surface of the panel with ink and clean it, then polish it with fine sandpaper and wood grass. 5. Write the disk: use the brush to fly the head, with the ink and ink, according to the map to write the content of the division. 6. Oil cargo: also known as smearing oil. The paint is polished many times and sanded with water, no brush marks, no paint, no block, even and flat thickness, and the writing is clearly visible. 7. Needle: Install the magnetic needle, accurately measure the center of gravity of the magnetic needle, the center of gravity coincides with the center of the circle, and place it firmly in the round hole, so that the fulcrum does not produce resistance, so that the magnetic needle can rotate freely. Fourth, the quality characteristics 1. Sensory features: no distortion on the disc surface, no cracking, smooth and smooth, accurate grid and clear writing. If there is an outer disc, the disc surface is a standard square, and the four sides are not bent or skewed. The inner and outer circles of the inner disc should be standard. After the outer disc is placed, the gap with the outer disc is wide and appropriate. 2. The center of the concave of the inner disc is the geometric center of the outer disc. 3. Safety and other quality technical requirements: Product safety and other quality technical requirements must comply with relevant national regulations.

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Producers within the scope of the production of Wan'an Compass may submit an application to the Xiuning County Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Anhui Province for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be reviewed by the Anhui Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision and announced to the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine for approval. The testing organization of Wan'an Compass is selected by the Anhui Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision in the testing institutions that meet the qualification requirements.