In the "Fangshan County" edited during the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a record of Zhangfang Mopan Persimmon: "Persimmon, a large-scale production of the territory, northwest Hetaogou, southwest Zhangfanggou, no village, no Beijing, Fangshan is the most populous.” After Mingcheng’s ancestral home in Beijing, Zhangfang’s Mopan persimmon was used as a tribute every year. Fangshan Mopan persimmon has obvious scars due to fruit, and is located at the waist of the fruit. The flesh is divided into upper and lower parts, which are named after the grinding disc.

Fangshan Mopan Persimmon, produced in Fangshan District, Beijing, is recognized as the best persimmon variety in the industry. According to research, as early as in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368--1399) Fangshan District has cultivated Mopan persimmon. In the "Fangshan County" edited during the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a record of Zhangfang Mopan Persimmon: "Persimmon, a large-scale production of the territory, northwest Hetaogou, southwest Zhangfanggou, no village, no Beijing, Fangshan is the most populous.” After Mingcheng’s ancestral home in Beijing, Zhangfang’s Mopan persimmon was used as a tribute every year. Fangshan Mopan persimmon has obvious scars due to fruit, and is located at the waist of the fruit. The flesh is divided into upper and lower parts, which are named after the grinding disc. Fangshan Mopan is a large, colorful, thin skin and juicy juice. It is rich in 7 kinds of amino acids, a lot of vitamins, carotene, minerals and flavonoids. As a representative of the image of agriculture in Fangshan District, Mopan Persimmon is a famous fruit in the suburbs of Beijing. It has won several famous titles in the city and ministerial exhibitions. In 2001, Fangshan District was awarded the “Hometown of Chinese Mopan Persimmon” by the State Forestry Administration. In the same year, Fangshan Mopan Persimmon won the title of “Chinese Famous Fruit” at the National Fruit Exhibition. In 2003, “Fangshan Mopan Persimmon” was awarded the “Certificate of Trademark” issued by the Trademark Office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce; and was awarded the title of “Famous Product” by the first national sand industry fair. In December 2006, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine approved the implementation of the protection of geographical indication products for Fangshan Mopan persimmon. Zhangfang Town is the main producing area of ​​Fangshan Mopan Persimmon. At present, the planting area of ​​Mopan persimmon in the whole town is 19,000 mu, and there are more than 400,000 persimmon trees, with an annual output of 6.6 million kg of fresh persimmon. In recent years, the town has accelerated the construction of the Persimmon Fruit Expo Park; a boutique park integrating picking, sightseeing, folk customs and vacations has begun to take shape; more than 80 large-scale, standardized picking gardens have been built; and Yugong has been registered for Mopanshi persimmon. Trademarks have broadened the channels for industrial development and farmers' income. The quality test analysis showed that: 1 Fangshan Mopan persimmon fruit fully meets the requirements in the comprehensive index of pollution-free cultivation environment and product safety attributes; 2 its average single fruit weight is 250 grams, the largest single fruit weight is about 600 grams, the color is bright, the fruit shape is correct, The fruit surface is smooth and has few defects, which meets the high-quality appearance standard; 3 the hard persimmon after the dislocation is crispy and refreshing, the meat is fine, the juice is medium, the core is free, the edible rate is high, and the soft persimmon skin after the dislocation is thin and juicy. Fine meat, sweet, non-nuclear, high edible rate, excellent quality; 4 nutrient-rich, rich in amino acids, vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin PP, carotene and minerals, with high potassium and low sodium, It is a nutritious and sweet fruit. I. Quality characteristics Fangshan Mopan persimmon has earlier germination than other suburban counties, late harvesting, long growth period, high sugar content, high hardness and strong storage and transportation, thus showing the unique quality of the region. The average single fruit weight is 250 grams, the largest single fruit weighs about 600 grams, the color is bright, the fruit shape is correct, the fruit surface is smooth and the defects are few, which meets the high quality appearance grade standard. Second, the production environment Beijing Fangshan District and Changping, Pinggu and other Beijing suburbs and counties, the location is south, the height difference is large, warming up early, heating up quickly, sufficient heat distribution. The annual average temperature of the Fangshanshan front warm zone is 12.1 °C, the annual accumulated temperature of 0 °C is 4880 °C, the annual sunshine hours are 2300-2600 hours, and the frost-free period is 185-200 days. It is the area with the most heat distribution in Beijing suburbs, and the natural conditions are particularly suitable. Persimmon trees grow and develop. Fangshanshan Mopan persimmon grows in the catchment area, with leeward sun, average annual rainfall of 655 mm. The soil is rich in calcareous deep brown soil layer, which has strong water holding capacity and is extremely suitable for the growth of Mopan persimmon. Third, the nutrients Fangshan Mopan persimmon fruit color, fruit color is orange, fruit sweet, has been praised since ancient times, has a "color wins Jinyi, Gan over jade liquid" reputation. The poet Zhang Zhongshu's "咏柿" praises "flavored Hualin Fangti, color Qianyang Yang Shen Zhu, lightly evenly waxed wrapped crisps, no more than human nectar." According to tests, 100 grams of fresh fruit contains 0.7 grams of protein, 3.5 times that of apples and 7 times of pears; 0.16 mg of vitamin A, 2 times that of apples, and 16 times of pears; and vitamin C 4.16 mg, which is apple. 3 times, 5 times the pear; vitamin PP 0.2 mg. In addition, it also contains a large amount of carbohydrates and minerals such as iron, calcium, phosphorus and potassium, and a variety of amino acids required by the human body. It can produce high calorie to the human body and provide a variety of nutrients. IV. Medical Efficacy Fangshan Mopan Persimmon has unique fruit flavor and good taste. It not only tastes delicious, but also has high medicinal value. Historical medical scientists have written about the medical value of persimmons. Liang Daitao Hongjing’s "Medical Doctors Record" said: "Persimmon has the effect of clearing heat, moistening the lungs, relieving phlegm and relieving cough." According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "The persimmon is the fruit of the spleen and lung blood. It is sweet and calm, and it can be harvested, and it can help the spleen, the intestines and the hemostasis." Modern medical literature records: persimmon trees are mixed with treasure, fruits can be used for fresh food, wine, vinegar, can also be made into dried persimmon, persimmon juice and so on. Persimmon fruit has the effects of tonifying the spleen, strengthening the stomach, moistening the intestines, lowering blood pressure, moisturizing, stopping bleeding and hangover. Persimmon can cure hiccups and nocturia; persimmon cream can cure sore throat, mouth sores and throat dryness; persimmon leaf tea can prevent arteriosclerosis and treat insomnia. "Last night, I listened to the west wind, and I saw the yellow leaves in the village. The road was dark, and the persimmon on the ridge was red." The persimmon is a symbol of good luck, round fruit, the delegation is full of color, orange-red color, meaning The red and the fire, the "persimmon" of the "persimmon" word homophonic "everything is good", "generation auspicious" and so on. The persimmon is native to China and is a special product of China. It has been cultivated for more than 3,000 years. The "persimmon" was first seen in "Book of Rites". Most of the persimmon trees cultivated in Southeast Asia, Europe and America, etc., are imported from China. of.

Fangshan Mopan persimmon quality technical requirements (a) variety. Grinding persimmon. (2) Site conditions. Loam or clay loam with an altitude of ≤300 m, leeward sun, soil thickness ≥80 cm, pH 7.5 to 8.5, soil organic matter content ≥1.0%. (3) Cultivation management. 1. Breeding of seedlings: use Junqianzi as a rootstock, select the mature trees with no quarantine pests and diseases, take the scion, and use the grafting method to breed the seedlings. The grafting part is ≥30cm. The seedlings grow robustly, the buds are full, the seedling height is ≥1.5m, the ground diameter is ≥1.2cm, no freezing damage, no pests and diseases. 2. Planting density: ≤ 660 trees per hectare. 3. Fertilizer and water management: mainly based on decomposed organic or green manure, combined with inorganic fertilizer according to the growth of the tree, the use of organic fertilizer is ≥30 tons per hectare. The annual irrigation with irrigation conditions can be divided into pre-emergence, fruit expansion period and post-harvest three times; without irrigation conditions, the method of collecting and precipitating water should be used to effectively utilize natural precipitation. 4. Plastic trimming: use the evacuation layered shape, the variable trunk shape or the natural happy shape. Winter pruning combined with summer pruning ensures that the tree is ventilated and light. (4) Harvesting and storage. 1. Harvesting: Fresh and crisp persimmons are harvested before softening after fruit coloring; fresh soft persimmons are generally harvested before and after frost (in mid-to-late October). 2. Storage: If it is not directly listed after harvest, it should be stored under low temperature or low temperature, and can also be stored frozen. Mopan persimmon stored under low temperature or low temperature atmosphere storage, storage period ≤ 4 months; using frozen storage of perennial persimmon, storage period ≤ 12 months. (5) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory features: the fruit shape is square, flat or oblate, the scar is obvious, the persimmon is complete, orange to orange-red, and the average fruit weight is 240 grams. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: soluble solids ≥ 15%, fruit hardness ≥ 10.0 kg / cm 2 (measured within 24 hours after fruit harvest).

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Producers within the protection scope of Fangshan Mopan Persimmon Geographical Indication Products may apply to the Beijing Fangshan District Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which is approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.